Tennis Elbow

Overview

Tennis Elbow, medically known as Lateral Epicondylitis, is a painful condition caused by inflammation or degeneration of the tendons that attach to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, the bony prominence on the outer elbow. While commonly associated with tennis players, it affects anyone involved in repetitive arm and wrist motions. Prompt diagnosis and treatment can prevent long-term complications.

Introduction

Tennis Elbow is a common musculoskeletal condition that impacts people across various professions and age groups. It often arises from overuse or strain on the extensor muscles and tendons in the forearm. Though named after a sport, studies in India reveal that professionals such as carpenters, painters, and computer users are equally prone to this condition. Prevalence rates in India highlight the need for awareness and ergonomic interventions, especially in workplaces.

Symptoms

The hallmark symptoms of Tennis Elbow include:
– Pain: Localized pain on the outer side of the elbow, often radiating down the forearm.
– Tenderness: Soreness around the lateral epicondyle.
– Weakness: Reduced grip strength, making it difficult to hold objects or shake hands.
– Stiffness: Difficulty in fully extending the arm or performing repetitive tasks.
– Pain with Activity: Exacerbation of symptoms during activities like gripping, lifting, or twisting.

Causes

Tennis Elbow primarily results from repetitive stress and overuse of the forearm muscles and tendons. Common causes include:
1. Repetitive Motions: Activities involving repeated wrist extension, gripping, or twisting.
2. Improper Technique: Using incorrect posture or technique in sports or daily tasks.
3. Overloading: Excessive strain on the elbow joint from lifting heavy objects.
4. Ageing: Tendons naturally weaken with age, increasing the risk of injury.
5. Occupational Hazards: Professions requiring repetitive arm movements, such as manual labour or prolonged computer use.

Treatment

Treatment for Tennis Elbow aims to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and restore functionality. Options include:

1. Conservative Management:
– Rest: Avoiding activities that trigger pain.
– Ice Therapy: Applying ice packs to the affected area to reduce swelling.
– Compression: Using an elbow brace or strap to support the tendons.
2. Medications:
– Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to alleviate pain and inflammation.
– Corticosteroid injections for severe cases.
3. Physical Therapy:
– Stretching and strengthening exercises to improve tendon resilience.
– Ultrasound therapy and manual therapy to accelerate healing.
4. Advanced Treatments:
– Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) Therapy: Stimulates healing using concentrated platelets.
– Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT): Promotes tissue repair.
5. Surgical Intervention:
– Rarely required, but involves removing damaged tendon tissue in severe or chronic cases.

Prevention and Risk Factors

Prevention:
– Ergonomic Modifications: Use appropriate tools and equipment to reduce strain.
– Warm-Up Exercises: Stretch and strengthen forearm muscles before physical activity.
– Proper Technique: Learn correct techniques in sports and other repetitive activities.
– Regular Breaks: Avoid prolonged, repetitive tasks without resting.
– Strengthening Exercises: Incorporate exercises targeting the forearm and wrist into daily routines.

Risk Factors:
– Age: Most common in individuals aged 30–50 years.
– Occupation: Jobs involving repetitive arm and wrist movements.
– Sports Participation: Tennis, badminton, and similar sports.
– Pre-existing Conditions: Individuals with musculoskeletal imbalances or previous injuries.

Insights from Sancheti Hospital

At Sancheti Hospital, we specialize in diagnosing and managing Tennis Elbow through a patient-centric approach. Key highlights of our care include:
1. Comprehensive Diagnosis: Advanced imaging techniques like MRI and ultrasound for precise assessment.
2. Customized Rehabilitation Plans: Tailored physiotherapy programs to address individual needs.
3. Innovative Therapies: Access to PRP therapy, ESWT, and minimally invasive surgical options.
4. Holistic Care: Education on ergonomic practices and lifestyle adjustments to prevent recurrence.
Tennis Elbow is a manageable condition that, if addressed early, allows for complete recovery and a return to daily activities. At Sancheti Hospital, our multidisciplinary team combines expertise with cutting-edge technology to deliver the best care. If you experience persistent elbow pain or difficulty with grip strength, consult our specialists for a thorough evaluation and personalized treatment.