Plantar Fasciitis

Overview

Plantar fasciitis is a common foot condition characterized by inflammation of the plantar fascia, a thick band of tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot, connecting the heel bone to the toes. This condition often leads to heel pain, particularly with the first steps in the morning or after prolonged periods of sitting. While it can affect anyone, it is especially prevalent among athletes and individuals who spend long hours on their feet.

Introduction

Plantar fasciitis is one of the most frequent causes of heel pain, affecting millions of people worldwide. It can occur at any age but is most common in adults aged 40 to 60 years. In India, where physical activity levels are high and many individuals engage in sports or labour-intensive jobs, awareness and understanding of plantar fasciitis are essential for early diagnosis and effective management.

Symptoms

The symptoms of plantar fasciitis typically include:

– Heel Pain: A sharp or stabbing pain located at the bottom of the heel, often worsening with the first steps in the morning or after sitting for extended periods.
– Pain After Activity: Discomfort that increases after physical activities, especially those involving running or jumping.
– Stiffness: Stiffness in the foot upon waking or after prolonged inactivity.
– Tenderness: Increased sensitivity when pressing on the affected area.

Symptoms may vary in intensity and can become chronic if not addressed promptly.

Causes

Plantar fasciitis is primarily caused by repetitive strain and micro-tears in the plantar fascia due to various factors:

– Overuse: Activities that involve excessive running, jumping, or standing can lead to inflammation.
– Foot Mechanics: Abnormal foot structures, such as flat feet (pes planus) or high arches (pes cavus), can place additional stress on the plantar fascia.
– Tight Muscles: Tightness in the calf muscles or Achilles tendon can alter foot mechanics and contribute to strain on the fascia.
– Obesity: Excess body weight increases pressure on the plantar fascia, heightening the risk of injury.
– Improper Footwear: Wearing shoes with inadequate support or cushioning can exacerbate symptoms.

Treatment

Treatment for plantar fasciitis focuses on relieving pain and promoting healing:

– Rest and Activity Modification: Avoiding activities that worsen symptoms is crucial for recovery.
– Ice Therapy: Applying ice packs to the heel can help reduce inflammation and alleviate pain.
– Physical Therapy: A rehabilitation program may include stretching exercises for the plantar fascia and calf muscles, as well as strengthening exercises for supporting muscles.
– Medications:
– NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can help manage pain and inflammation.
– Corticosteroid Injections: In some cases, injections may be used to reduce inflammation around the plantar fascia.

In severe cases where conservative treatments fail, surgical options such as plantar fascia release may be considered.

Prevention and Risk Factors

Preventive measures for plantar fasciitis include:

– Proper Footwear: Wearing supportive shoes with adequate cushioning can help prevent strain on the plantar fascia.
– Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight reduces pressure on the feet.
– Regular Stretching: Engaging in stretching exercises for the calves and plantar fascia can improve flexibility and reduce tightness.

Risk factors for developing plantar fasciitis include:

– Age: More common in adults aged 40 to 60 years.
– Gender: Women are generally more affected than men.
– Occupational Hazards: Jobs that require prolonged standing or walking on hard surfaces increase susceptibility.

Insights from Sancheti Hospital

At Sancheti Hospital, we understand that plantar fasciitis can significantly impact your daily life and activities. Our team of experienced orthopedic specialists employs advanced diagnostic techniques to accurately assess your condition. We offer a comprehensive range of treatment options tailored to individual needs, ensuring optimal recovery. Our focus on patient education empowers individuals with knowledge about their condition while promoting proactive management strategies for better outcomes. By addressing both immediate symptoms and long-term health goals, we strive to enhance our patients’ quality of life through compassionate care.