Degenerative Bone Disease

Overview

Degenerative bone disease, also known as osteoarthritis or degenerative joint disease, is a chronic condition that affects the bones and joints. It occurs due to the gradual wear and tear of cartilage, the protective tissue that cushions joints. Over time, this can lead to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. In India, degenerative bone disease is a growing concern due to aging populations, lifestyle factors, and limited awareness of early intervention strategies.

Introduction

Degenerative bone disease primarily impacts the joints, including the knees, hips, spine, and hands. The condition progresses gradually, causing joint damage, inflammation, and bone changes. In India, studies suggest that osteoarthritis is prevalent among individuals over 50 years of age, particularly in women. Early diagnosis and management can significantly improve quality of life by preventing further deterioration and maintaining joint function.

Symptoms

The symptoms of degenerative bone disease vary based on the severity and the affected joints but commonly include:
– Pain: Chronic joint pain that worsens with activity and improves with rest.
– Stiffness: Difficulty moving joints, especially after waking up or prolonged inactivity.
– Swelling: Inflammation around the affected joints.
– Reduced range of motion: Limited ability to move the joint freely.
– Grinding sensation: A feeling or sound of bones rubbing together.
– Joint deformities: Visible changes in the shape of the joints in advanced stages.

Causes

The exact cause of degenerative bone disease is multifactorial, including:
– Aging: Natural wear and tear of cartilage with advancing age.
– Genetics: Family history of osteoarthritis increases susceptibility.
– Obesity: Excess weight places additional stress on weight-bearing joints.
– Injury: Previous joint injuries or repetitive strain can accelerate degeneration.
– Occupational hazards: Jobs requiring repetitive motions or heavy lifting.
– Inflammation: Chronic inflammation can contribute to cartilage breakdown.

Treatment

Management of degenerative bone disease focuses on relieving symptoms, slowing progression, and improving joint function. Treatment options include:

– Non-Surgical Treatments:
– Medications: Pain relievers, anti-inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroid injections.
– Physical Therapy: Exercises to strengthen muscles and improve joint mobility.
– Lifestyle Modifications: Weight management and low-impact activities like swimming or yoga.
– Assistive Devices: Braces, orthotic insoles, or walking aids to reduce joint stress.

– Surgical Treatments:
– Arthroscopy: A minimally invasive procedure to clean or repair damaged cartilage.
– Joint Replacement: In severe cases, replacing the affected joint with a prosthesis.

Prevention and Risk Factors

Understanding risk factors and adopting preventive measures can reduce the likelihood of developing degenerative bone disease:

– Risk Factors:
– Age: Risk increases significantly after 50 years.
– Gender: Women are more likely to develop the condition, particularly after menopause.
– Lifestyle: Sedentary habits and poor nutrition.
– Previous Injuries: Trauma or repetitive joint use.

– Prevention:
– Maintain a healthy weight to reduce stress on joints.
– Stay physically active with exercises that enhance flexibility and strength.
– Follow a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D for bone health.
– Avoid overuse of joints through repetitive or strenuous activities.

Insights from Sancheti Hospital

At Sancheti Hospital, we specialize in diagnosing and managing degenerative bone disease with a multidisciplinary approach. Our expert orthopaedic team utilizes state-of-the-art technology to offer tailored treatments, including advanced surgical procedures and innovative non-surgical therapies. Rehabilitation programs designed by physiotherapists help patients regain mobility and independence. With our comprehensive care and commitment to excellence, Sancheti Hospital has become a trusted name in orthopaedic healthcare in India.

Resources and References

1. Indian Orthopaedic Association. “Osteoarthritis in India: Prevalence and Risk Factors.” 2023.
2. National Health Portal of India. “Bone and Joint Disorders: Current Trends and Challenges.” 2022.
3. Sancheti Hospital. “Revolutionizing Orthopaedic Care and Rehabilitation in India.”