External Shoulder Impingement

Overview

External Shoulder Impingement, also known as subacromial impingement syndrome, is a common condition where the tendons or bursa in the shoulder become compressed during shoulder movements. This leads to pain, inflammation, and reduced range of motion. Common among athletes and individuals with repetitive overhead activity, timely diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent chronic shoulder issues.

Introduction

The shoulder joint is a complex structure that allows a wide range of motion, but its mobility makes it prone to injuries. External Shoulder Impingement occurs when the rotator cuff tendons or subacromial bursa are pinched under the acromion, a bony part of the shoulder blade. The condition can progress from mild discomfort to severe pain if untreated, limiting daily activities and overall quality of life. In India, shoulder injuries are increasingly reported due to rising participation in sports and physical activities.

Symptoms

Symptoms of External Shoulder Impingement typically develop gradually and may include:
– Persistent shoulder pain, especially during overhead activities.
– Pain radiating to the upper arm.
– Weakness in the shoulder or difficulty lifting objects.
– Pain or stiffness when lying on the affected shoulder.
– Clicking or popping sounds during shoulder movements.

Causes

The primary cause of External Shoulder Impingement is mechanical compression of the rotator cuff tendons or bursa. Common contributing factors include:
– Repetitive Overhead Activities: Sports like swimming, tennis, or professions requiring overhead movements.
– Poor Posture: Rounded shoulders or forward head posture can alter shoulder mechanics, increasing the risk.
– Age-Related Degeneration: Wear and tear of the tendons and bursa due to ageing.
– Structural Abnormalities: Conditions like bone spurs or a hooked acromion can narrow the subacromial space.

Treatment

Treatment options focus on reducing pain, restoring function, and preventing recurrence. They include:
– Conservative Management:
– Rest and activity modification to avoid aggravating movements.
– Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain relief.
– Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation in severe cases.
– Physiotherapy:
– Exercises to strengthen the rotator cuff muscles and improve shoulder mechanics.
– Stretching exercises to address muscle imbalances and improve flexibility.
– Surgical Intervention:
– If conservative treatments fail, arthroscopic surgery may be recommended to remove bone spurs or repair damaged tendons.

Prevention and Risk Factors

Risk Factors:

– Repetitive overhead activities or heavy lifting.
– Poor posture and weak shoulder muscles.
– Age-related changes in the shoulder joint.
– Pre-existing shoulder injuries or conditions.

Prevention:

– Strength Training: Regular exercises to strengthen rotator cuff muscles and scapular stabilizers.
– Posture Correction: Maintaining good posture to reduce strain on the shoulder joint.
– Activity Modification: Avoiding repetitive overhead movements and taking breaks during prolonged activities.
– Stretching and Warm-Up: Preparing the shoulder joint before engaging in physical activities.

Insights from Sancheti Hospital

At Sancheti Hospital, we specialize in diagnosing and treating External Shoulder Impingement with advanced techniques and personalized care plans. Our expert orthopaedic team combines state-of-the-art imaging technology with a thorough clinical examination to ensure accurate diagnosis.

Our physiotherapy department provides tailored rehabilitation programs focused on improving strength, flexibility, and joint mechanics. For severe cases, our surgeons are skilled in minimally invasive arthroscopic procedures, ensuring faster recovery and minimal scarring.

We also emphasize patient education, offering guidance on lifestyle modifications and preventive measures to avoid recurrence. Through our holistic approach, Sancheti Hospital ensures optimal recovery and a return to daily activities or sports.